一、架构设计和流程设计
我一直追求简单而高效的设计,尤其欣赏臭鱼这一篇文章《为产品结构的设计,为用户任务的设计》。他用图1很好的诠释了这个观点:首先要保证产品逻辑结果清晰、准确,其次要为用户任务架起一些快捷操作的桥梁。

图1 “产品结构设计”和“为用户任务设计”的关系
好的流程设计能使产品具有更清晰的架构,更良好的体验。我的老大曾经举过一个串珠子的例子,说PM给我们的功能列表都像是一堆零零散散的珠子,而我们要做的,就是把这些珠子串起来,把功能串起来,最后呈现给用户的才是一个完整的东西,有着清晰的架构和流程。
这话说起来还是有一些抽象,我想尝试着通过手机产品登录界面的设计,来跟大家分享我对架构设计和流程设计的思考过程。
二、一个例子
首先我们来看一个例子,见图2:
图2 一个小朋友做的登录界面
这个页面非常有代表性,它很像PM提出的需求列表,杂乱的堆在了界面上。先来挑挑问题所在:
- 文案不太准确,“帐号密码”的文案用“密码”就行了,“登录账号”按钮的文案用“登录”就可以了,“离线使用”按钮,他想表达的是“匿名登录(不需要账号、密码)”。
- 界面上元素太多,需要分辨哪些是自己需要的
- 层级关系不明,没有一条清晰的任务主线
- 没有考虑到虚拟键盘遮挡的问题
- 相关操作可以离得再近一些,比如忘记密码跟登录按钮
三、研究一下架构
那么我们架构上进行分析,架构上来讲,这个界面,主要有三个模块:登录、匿名和注册,其中匿名可能有两种情况,这里表现的是不需要用户名和密码的情况,如图3.
图3 登录页面架构图
我们先来分析一下登录和注册这两个功能模块。如果用户要登录,那么需要输入用户名和密码,如果用户希望以后不用再输入密码了,可以选择记住密码,如果用户忘记了密码,那么可以给一个入口让他去执行找回密码操作。当然,这些如果都是建立在用户要执行登录操作之后。所以可以把这些元素藏起来。所以,既然登录和注册是平级的,那么我们可不可以把这个页面设计成图4这样子呢?
图4 登录页面采用2个入口的形式,可以选择登录或注册
参考案例是Foursquare和16Fun,见图5。
图5 Foursquare的登录页面,只有两个选项,登录或者注册
这个方案的优点非常明显,就是架构清晰,不会有太多的干扰因素,但是缺点也是有的,登录和注册两个按钮还是需要区分一下的,而且这两个功能过于平级,在不同的产品阶段应该有侧重才对,比如新产品上线,要更合理的引导注册,成熟产品,要突出登录。
再来看看匿名这个功能,前文提到,匿名有两种情况:
1、不需要用户名和密码,就可以登录
2、需要提交用户名和密码,但是匿名登录,不让别人看到
情况1,既然不需要用户名和密码就可以登录,那为什么还要先进入登录页面而不是内容页面呢?如果你的产品是侧重于社区类的,需要用户登录的,那么还是要引导用户登录,如果你的产品是工具类的、内容类的,希望用户能看到内容,那么可以让用户直接进入到软件里,先看到内容,等需要执行一些登录之后才能进行的操作时,才提示用户登录。
情况2,往往是用在论坛、贴吧等需要匿名发表帖子的情况下,那么我们只需要在发帖页面给出匿名发贴的复选框就行了,不需要让用户在登录界面就直接选择了。如果是想登录某些论坛,却又不想暴露在线状态,则可以在登录按钮按钮上面增加一个状态选择,如图6,QQ客户端。
图6 iPhone版QQ客户端,登录按钮上方可以选择状态
因为我们这个登录页面属于情况1,所以就把匿名登录功能从登录页面拿掉了。
四、研究一下流程
那么这个时候,我们要对产品的流程来进行一次深入的思考了,我们的产品,是希望用户从哪里来?到哪里去呢?希望用户在我们的产品里完成怎样一个任务流呢?我简单分析了一下,如果是以引导登录为目的的流程,用户必须有账号,只能登录访问产品,那么流程大概如图7这般。
图7 手机产品登录流程
那么我们知道了,我们是希望用户刚进入软件就遇到这个界面,完成登录之后,到达内容的。如果是这样,我们是否应该让用户可以更快速的执行登录过程,也就是说,把账号和密码提到一级,方便用户快捷的操作。于是我把设计改成了图8的样子:

参考案例是街旁网的登录页面,见图9。
图9 街旁网的登录页面,突出登录功能
跟密码相关的选项,比如记住密码,忘记密码,需要放在哪里合适呢?一般情况下,相关性较大的最好要离得 较近。于是我把记住密码和忘记密码都放在密码输入框底下,但是这时候,又会显得信息较乱,解决的办法是什么呢?就是给信息分组,如图10。
图10 把信息区隔成登录和注册两个模块,强化登录
而如果是以内容为主的,登录的目的是完成某些操作,那么登录页面往往出现在导航栏上、菜单里,或者是执行某个需要登录的操作之后,以论坛回帖为例,流程如图11:
图11 当执行发帖操作的时候,提示登录的流程图
此时,明显可以分析出,流程的终结应该不是登录成功,而是执行接下来的操作。与其上来就让一个注册门槛,击垮了一部分用户的积极性,还不如,先把内容暴露出来,当你需要执行一些登录用户才能执行的操作的时候,再引导你去登录页面,就顺理成章,没有强迫登录的感觉了。这种情况下,可以采用浮层的形式,完成简单快捷的登录操作,如图12。

图12 Vimeo的登录页面,采用浮层的设计方式
当然,也可以调用统一的登录页面,即降低成本,又保持统一。
五、需求,还是需求
之所以碎碎念这么多,是因为,这一个看似简单的页面,包含了很多的架构、流程上的思考,包含了产品逻辑,最重要的,包含了设计师对需求的把握。
登录页面,到底要设计成什么样子,肯定没有一个统一的标准,但是,根据你的产品需求,你可以推断出,该是怎样一个流程,该突出哪些功能,让我们来总结一下,我感悟颇深的一些点:
- 告诉我为什么(为什么登录?为什么注册?)
- 不要给用户太多的选择(太多的选择意味着太多的思考时间)
- 让用户一条路走到底(流程要有始有终,且不能有太多分支)
- 跟某个选项相关的东西要跟随这个选项(比如密码输入框和忘记密码)
- 内容为主的要弱化登录(在合适的时候提示用户登录就行了)
- 架构和流程是两回事(清晰的架构是基础,快捷的流程是保证)
有点乱,欢迎批评和探讨,elya妞文:http://elya.cn/mobile/808.html









Un mariage conjoint bandindicative fidélité. http://www.
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好详细啊 不错
这是手机设计想的吗?
可惜,这个QQ板没有信息汇出功能,怎么好的UI也不够功能的重要!对吗?
登录按钮的问题。很多界面都有意识的注意它不被弹出来的键盘遮住。我有一个很朴素的想法,因为像iPhone之类的智能手机,弹出键盘画面上,那个Enter键,制作软件时候可以设定成[Go],[Login]之类的功能键,用户输入帐号密码之后,可以很自然的按下这个键,来实现登录的功能。这个时候,界面原有的登录按钮,它应该是可以替代的吧。
现在有了facebook connect,新浪账号链接这些东西后,我越来越不想注册了,未来的网站可能大部分都不需要注册了。
所以网站最好能提供这些东西,能大大降低用户使用门槛,还能迅速复制用户的关系。
看到elya在分析的过程中画的流程图和信息架构图,着实感动了一下。
之所以感动是因为,我们也在琢磨这些。显然,
为流程而设计->流程图
为结构而设计->信息构架图
而接下来还有一个重要的问题:这两种图怎么联系起来?或者说,为流程而设计,为结构而设计从工作方法上怎么融合起来?
实际上我们目前琢磨出了一些方法,在这两个图的中间加一个“页面简图”。关于这个方法,12月10日在广州的那个用户体验日工作坊中,我和seven一起做了演示。当时的演示是在白板上画的,到现在也没有整理一份电子稿出来。希望接下来我们能有时间吧,把它整理出来。
看到elya很投入的研究这些,着实是感动~
看了elya姐姐文章后,我也写了篇类似的。还希望elya姐姐给提提专业意见。
http://wangshuo2046.com/?p=130
不错的文章,可以交换个链接吗?
我来看博主文章了,感谢分享哦!!收藏了!http://www.918mall.com/
不错,分析的很到位,不过蒙层效果的页面,对手机的要求应该会高些吧,使用的时候要慎重考虑软件的使用对象以及对手机的要求。 🙄 🙄 🙄
小朋友真惨啊,祖国的花朵居然拿来做反面教材。
值得一看
开头讨论界面,最后开始说内容为主的要不要登录了,而且流程图的逻辑混乱。。。。。
还有离线使用,如果是匿名,很简单,“随便逛逛”就好了
图7的流程有点不明白 记住密码是什么? 为什么在登录前?
不记得密码你怎么登录
离线模式可参考部分小说杂志阅读器,这部分人在打开软件之前就可以决定是否离线,因此针对这类产品的离线开关可以加在软件的启动&联网阶段,顺利通过此阶段的都是正常联网模式,硬件或用户手动中断联网后都是离线模式
支持晓生同学的“登录注册是阻碍用户第一个门槛”,这个门槛不亚于门神,如果登录不是第一要求的话,尽量弱化这个概念,设计一个对游客也比较友好的使用路线,在适当的节点添加登录要求;另外,我觉得如果是百度的产品,注册也不是很有必要,手机上除非是自动发短信注册的,其他的对用户来说都比较伤神
http://www.alibuybuy.com/29298.html
个人觉得设计的不错
就是操作麻烦
图7 手机产品登录流程
这里只是记住密码
那么不记住密码的情况呢?
既然记住密码了 到登陆界面 用户还需要填写 账户和密码信息吗?
个人感觉流程中的”记住密码“应该为”记录账户“
判定用户是否注册之后,注册用户并且登陆过一次 那么账户就会被记录的(这个必须的),而记录密码应该在登录界面体现
我表达的不准啦,这个是用户的判断,是否记住了密码,其实是不应该写在逻辑流程图里的,已经被晓声批评了,嘎嘎~
额,写在流程上面也没什么吧上面也没什么吧,感觉位置的问题吧
好文,收藏至20ju.com
1、QQ的登录按钮放在右边的体验很棒,当用户输入密码或更改状态后,点击登录的距离最近;
2、登录和注册是针对不同的用户角色设计的,应该以不同的风格呈现(所以图9 街旁网的登录和注册的体验就不是很好)
同意 晓生 的说法
设计产品的时候,不要忘了自己的目的
就是我最后说的,需求,还是需求
这个页面,肯定没有一个统一标准的,要因产品而异,因阶段而异~
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Just cause it’s simple doesn’t mean it’s not super helpful.
This is an article that makes you think “never thought of that!”
Thanks for spending time on the computer (writing) so others don’t have to.
Ya learn something new everyday. It’s true I guess!
Until I found this I thought I’d have to spend the day inside.
It’s a pleasure to find someone who can identify the issues so clearly
So that’s the case? Quite a revelation that is.
Is that really all there is to it because that’d be flabbergasting.
A good many valuables you’ve given me.
Now I feel stupid. That’s cleared it up for me
Thanks for spending time on the computer (writing) so others don’t have to.
This “free sharing” of information seems too good to be true. Like communism.
It’s a relief to find someone who can explain things so well
Of the panoply of website I’ve pored over this has the most veracity.
Grade A stuff. I’m unquestionably in your debt.
You’ve really impressed me with that answer!
Hey, that’s powerful. Thanks for the news.
AFAICT you’ve covered all the bases with this answer!
I’ve been looking for a post like this forever (and a day)
It’s spooky how clever some ppl are. Thanks!
It’s always a relief when someone with obvious expertise answers. Thanks!
That’s a slick answer to a challenging question
Wow! That’s a really neat answer!
Kudos to you! I hadn’t thought of that!
What’s it take to become a sublime expounder of prose like yourself?
It’s good to see someone thinking it through.
Yo, that’s what’s up truthfully.
How could any of this be better stated? It couldn’t.
I have exactly what info I want. Check, please. Wait, it’s free? Awesome!
It’s like you’re on a mission to save me time and money!
Haha. I woke up down today. You’ve cheered me up!
Of the panoply of website I’ve pored over this has the most veracity.
I’m so glad I found my solution online.
This is an article that makes you think “never thought of that!”
Yup, that’ll do it. You have my appreciation.
Good to see a talent at work. I can’t match that.
You’ve managed a first class post
I love reading these articles because they’re short but informative.
You have the monopoly on useful information-aren’t monopolies illegal? 😉
It’s a joy to find someone who can think like that
I’m not quite sure how to say this; you made it extremely easy for me!
I read your post and wished I’d written it
That’s an astute answer to a tricky question
Shoot, so that’s that one supposes.
You’re the greatest! JMHO
Full of salient points. Don’t stop believing or writing!
Touchdown! That’s a really cool way of putting it!
You’re the one with the brains here. I’m watching for your posts.
Me dull. You smart. That’s just what I needed.
That’s way the bestest answer so far!
Alright alright alright that’s exactly what I needed!
That’s a creative answer to a difficult question
We could’ve done with that insight early on.
That’s a sensible answer to a challenging question
Me dull. You smart. That’s just what I needed.
You couldn’t pay me to ignore these posts!
That’s a smart answer to a tricky question
That’s more than sensible! That’s a great post!
That’s an astute answer to a tricky question
I’ve been looking for a post like this forever (and a day)
I’m so glad that the internet allows free info like this!
That’s the best answer by far! Thanks for contributing.
Yeah, that’s the ticket, sir or ma’am
It’s posts like this that make surfing so much pleasure
It’s good to see someone thinking it through.
I appreciate you taking to time to contribute That’s very helpful.
Slam dunkin like Shaquille O’Neal, if he wrote informative articles.
That’s the thinking of a creative mind
TYVM you’ve solved all my problems
That’s the smart thinking we could all benefit from.
It’s great to read something that’s both enjoyable and provides pragmatisdc solutions.
Your answer was just what I needed. It’s made my day!
That’s an inventive answer to an interesting question
That’s a mold-breaker. Great thinking!
你那流程图拿什么画的?还真漂亮。
MindManager、XMind 都行
用OmniGraffle,其实用visio也能画出来这效果。。。
😥 有错别字,回复不能编辑。
1.不同的产品登录界面显示内容不太相同。QQ不需要吸引用户注册,而街旁网有这样的需求。
2.手机登录之前是否有检查联网状态呢?没联网的话,不然白白输入账号和密码。互联网没有这样需求,因为不联网没办法打开网页。
3.登录页面也有模块弹出框,比如华彩彩票iPhone客户端,可以研究下它什么时候要求登录的。登录注册是阻碍用户第一个门槛。
4.对于有点产品注册只需要填写账号和一次密码,那么用户在界面上是否可以先输入账号和密码,再选择是否登陆或者注册。
5.游玩网多账号登录情况会怎么样?比如游玩网android版。
6.图7流程图中穿插了两种流程,一个是用户的思维,一个是程序本身的判断。个人觉得图中画出程序流程图即可。
登录界面直接两个分支:注册页面和输入账号和密码。是否注册和是否记住密码是用户的事情,如果画给RD看,就没必要了。
仅供参考。
我想到有两个地方我没有提到,一个是登录按钮,在没有输入用户名和密码的时候,是否应该处理成灰色不可点击的状态?如果处理成不可点的状态了,会不会让人有种不能登录的误解?如果不处理成灰色的,点击了之后该是什么反应呢?没有反应是不是怪怪的?
另外一个,是登录按钮,是不是应该处理成不会被键盘遮挡住的方案?比如键盘弹出来,登录就顶在键盘顶上,但是这样比较占空间,或者是激活用户名和密码输入框之后,登录和取消就处于标题栏一左一右…纠结啊…
关于2,我也想过,是不是应该先检查联网,如果没联网的话,彻底打不开登录页面?还是打开登录页面同时给出提醒“无网络连接”的好?
关于6,这个问题我纠结了好久啊,流程图里,该不该画出用户的思维流程,看来是不需要的,我明白了~万谢万谢万谢~~~~~
表明用户的状态就好,不用表示出用户的思维流程。难道你还要考虑用户晚饭想吃什么?